How to Test and Maintain Surge Protective Devices: A Complete Maintenance Guide
Surge Protective Devices (SPDs) are critical for ensuring the longevity and performance of sensitive electrical and electronic systems. However, many businesses and homeowners overlook one crucial aspect: regular maintenance and testing. Without proper maintenance, an SPD can silently fail—leaving your system vulnerable to power surges.
1. Why SPD Maintenance Matters
- Prolongs device lifespan
- Prevents undetected failure
- Ensures compliance with electrical safety standards
- Reduces downtime and equipment damage
2. Visual Inspection Protocol
Check for signs such as:
- Burn marks or discoloration
- Loose or corroded terminals
- Broken housing
- Status indicator (LEDs or flags) not working
3. Using Built-in Indicators
Modern SPDs often include visual indicators or alarms to notify end-of-life conditions. Learn how to interpret these indicators specific to your model.
4. Testing with Multimeters and Surge Counters
Use an insulation resistance tester or a multimeter to measure continuity and potential leakage current.
5. Scheduling Preventive Maintenance
- Monthly basic inspection
- Quarterly performance checks
- Annual in-depth testing and documentation
6. Replacement Criteria
Replace SPD units when:
- Indicator shows failure
- It has absorbed more surges than rated capacity
- It shows signs of physical degradation
7. Documentation and Logs
Maintain logs of each SPD device installed, including manufacturer, date of installation, and test results.
8. Who Should Perform the Testing?
- Qualified electrical engineers
- Licensed electricians familiar with SPD systems
9. Using Smart SPDs with Remote Monitoring
Modern smart SPDs can alert facilities teams remotely when a device needs servicing or replacement. Ideal for large commercial facilities.
10. Final Recommendations
SPD maintenance is not optional—it’s essential. Build it into your electrical infrastructure routine to avoid costly surprises.
Conclusion
With proper maintenance and periodic testing, surge protective devices can provide consistent and reliable protection for years. Make SPD health checks a regular part of your facility’s routine.
